Retardation and relativity: new integrals for electric and magnetic potentials of time-independent charge distributions moving with constant velocity

نویسنده

  • Oleg D Jefimenko
چکیده

New integrals for electric and magnetic potentials of arbitrary time-independent charge distributions moving with constant velocity are derived. In contrast to the familiar retarded potential integrals, the new integrals express the potentials in terms of the position occupied by the charge distribution at the moment t for which the potentials are being determined. Two different methods are used for the derivation. First, the integrals are derived by converting retarded potential integrals for a moving charge distribution into the corresponding present position integrals. Second, the integrals are derived by applying relativistic Lorentz–Einstein transformations to integrals representing potentials of stationary charge distributions. Two types of integrals are obtained: integrals expressing the potentials in terms of charge density as such, and integrals expressing the potentials in terms of the inhomogeneities in the density of the charge. Illustrative examples on calculating electric and magnetic potentials and fields of moving charge distributions by means of the new integrals are presented. Résumé. Les integraux nouveaux ont été dérivés pour les potentiels électriques et magnétiques des charges électriques non-point, indépendentes du temps, qui se déplacent á une vitesse permanente. Au contraire des integraux familiers pour les potentiels retardés, les integraux nouveaux sont exprimés en fonction des coordonnées qu’occupent led charges au moment de temps t pour lequel les potentiels doivent être determinés. Les integraux on été dérivés de deux façons: (1) en transformant les integraux des potentiels retardés en integraux propres aux coordonnées de location immédiate des charges; (2) par transformations relativistes des integraux pour des charges immobile. Deux genres d’integral étaient deérivés: les integraux qui exprime des potentiels en fonction de densité des charges, et des integraux qui experiment des potentiels en fonction de non-homogénéité de densité des charges. On donne des examples pour deémontrer le fonctionnement des integraux nouveaux en déterminent des potentiels et champs électriques et magnétiques des charges déplacées.

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تاریخ انتشار 1996